Marmaris Kultur

Archive for October, 2009

And how do you get on the Net? Various on-line services are available today including America Online, CompuServe, Prodigy, GEnie, and MicrosoftNet. Strangely, however, it was a freenet called the World Wide Web (WWW or “the Web”), as discussed earlier, that really got things going.
The WWW was developed at the European Particle Physics Lab as a vehicle by which to share information about high-energy physics among physicists working in a dispersed international environment. Led by Tim Berners-Lee, the developers rightfully reasoned that coming up with standards for hardware or software was a waste of effort. Instead, they developed a standard for representing the data. The standard was called the Hypertext Markup Language, or HTML. Using HTML, you simply attach a proper tag to a word or phrase causing it to become a link to another page. This link can be to a document on the same machine or on one across the world, exploiting the other major innovation of the Web, a universal addressing system. With this addressing system, nearly any Web document, optionally including sound, image, and even video, can be accessed and viewed effortlessly, without rrdialing another number, knowing any computer addresses, or entering log-in IDs.
A Net browser called Mosaic was the catalyst that got the WWW going. In February 1993, Mosaic was released by University of Illinois student Marc Andreessen. This event catalyzed the explosion of information exchange now occurring. With Mosaic, a Mac, Windows, OS/2, or UNIX user with any level of Internet access could literally view the world of online information as a vast, seamless, interconnected universe. You entered at any point and began exploring, effortlessly visiting something called I lome Pages and informationrich documents from around the world. Most with-it companies now have Home Pages—places where customers and others can go to learn about their products, services, and the compaIlies themselves. Through the hypertext links called “hotlinks” you simply click on any highlighted word in a document and link to other computers, I lome Pages, and documents anywhere. According to John Landzy, Mosaic ‘energized’ the World Wide Web.”
Mosaic was the first wildly successful graphical browser for the Web. According to Landry, “Andreessen must have watched Field of Dreamy, He believed that if he built it they would come—and come they did.”
To get Mosaic, all you had to do was download it, for free, from the University of Illinois or numerous other “mirror” sites around the world. In 1994, every day nearly 4000 people did. In the first two years since release, Over I million copies were downloaded from Illinois, thousands more from Ilie mirror sites, thousands more from sharing disks, yielding estimates of illore thaxi 3 million users before the end of 1994. In January 1993, when Mosaic was introduced, there were only fifty known Web servers. By october 1993 there were more than 500. By June 1994 there were 1500 gvowing to 5000 by the end of the year. By the end of 1995 there were more than 100,000 Web server-s.
Now the market has shifted to a commercial product based on the Mosaic model called Netscape, which is provided by’ a commercial venture
Ioiinded by Andreessen. The new company is able to offer the kind of Ipport and quality expected of commercial software. And in a widely
rsuhscribed public offering in August 1995, Andreessen became an instant millionaire.