Marmaris Kultur

Archive for the ‘Internet’ Category

From cannibalism to floating markets on the Mekong Delta in Vietnam, here you’ll find a comprehensive bibliography listing hundreds of incisive and engaging studies of the foods of peoples around the world, and how they are impacted by and in turn impact culure. Topics include ecology and food systems, eating attitudes, fasting and body image, festivals and feasting, famine and starvation, malnutrition and disease, meat-eating vs. vegetarian diets, the nutritional anthropology of nonhuman primates, food rituals, and food taboos. Regions covered include Africa, Australia, the Caribbean, Central America, Mexico, East Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North America (both European and indigenous), Oceania, South America, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and West and Central Asia. Articles address subjects that range from the dialetics relating to the sacred cows of India to the typical American diet of 100 years ago, from scholarship on contemporary American “foodways” (as opposed to folkways) to “soul” and traditional Southern food practices, customs, and holidays. Here you’ll also find references to such interesting articles as “Chinese Tables Manners: You Are How You Eat,”“The Origins and Ancient History of Wine,”“Food Classifications and the Diets of Young Children in Rural Egypt,” and “The Folk Foods of the Rio Grande Valley and of Northern Mexico.” As language, climate and history are to culture, so too is food—an engaging and appetizing area of study, to say the least.

Based on the pioneering work of Prof. Dr. lrenaeus Eibl-Eibesfeldt and Prof. Dr. Hans Hass begun in the 1960s, as many as 205 films on Human Ethology and Ethnology have been published based on the resources resources of the Film Archive of Human Ethology of the Max-Planck-Society in co-operation with the Institute for Scientific Film (Institut flier den Wissenschaftlichen Film, IWF) in Goettingen, Germany and most recently with the Federal Austrian Institute for Scientific Film (Osterreichisches Bundesinstitut flier den Wis
senschaftlichen Film, OWF) in Vienna, Austria. Most of the published films were included in the Encyclopaedia Cinematographica (EC) of the IWF, either because they met the rigid standards for scientific documentation or because they were judged to be of great importance for the scientific community. Each of these films documents a certain scene of primitive life in detail. The films are accompanied by publications in which the verbal interactions and songs are transcribed and all important side information is collated. Much of this data—including clips, supporting materials, and a complete catalogue of films houses in the archive—are to found at this web site. The films in question
record unstaged and undisturbed social interactions of everyday life, rituals and other activities—and thus provide documentation that will prove continually valuable to anthropologists and ethnologists through the years.

The Journal of Field Archaeology is an international, refereed quarterly serving the interests of not only archaeologists, but also anthropologists, historians, scientists, and others concerned with the recovers and interpretation of archaeological data. Its scope is worldwide and is not confined to any particular time period. The Journal publishes field reports whose results in terms of interpretive content or of techniques and methods employed seem clearly to be of more than regional interest.., technical and methodological studies that relate to actual archaeological data, are also of general rather than only regional significance, and would be comprehensible to most readers. . . review articles such as updated regional or topical summaries designed to appeal to a fairly wide professional readership.. occasional essays on the history of archaeology in major geographical areas, or with respect to research topics of general archaeological concern.. . and brief preliminary reports describing the results of recent fieldwork or other research. Visit this web site to search the journal archives and read journal articles online. Here you’ll also find details on the members of the editorial board, and information on bow to submit articles for publication. You can perform searches by keyword, author, or—nicely—by geographic region related to the topic addressed in any given article. All editions of the Journal are archived back to the autumn of 1998.

And how do you get on the Net? Various on-line services are available today including America Online, CompuServe, Prodigy, GEnie, and MicrosoftNet. Strangely, however, it was a freenet called the World Wide Web (WWW or “the Web”), as discussed earlier, that really got things going.
The WWW was developed at the European Particle Physics Lab as a vehicle by which to share information about high-energy physics among physicists working in a dispersed international environment. Led by Tim Berners-Lee, the developers rightfully reasoned that coming up with standards for hardware or software was a waste of effort. Instead, they developed a standard for representing the data. The standard was called the Hypertext Markup Language, or HTML. Using HTML, you simply attach a proper tag to a word or phrase causing it to become a link to another page. This link can be to a document on the same machine or on one across the world, exploiting the other major innovation of the Web, a universal addressing system. With this addressing system, nearly any Web document, optionally including sound, image, and even video, can be accessed and viewed effortlessly, without rrdialing another number, knowing any computer addresses, or entering log-in IDs.
A Net browser called Mosaic was the catalyst that got the WWW going. In February 1993, Mosaic was released by University of Illinois student Marc Andreessen. This event catalyzed the explosion of information exchange now occurring. With Mosaic, a Mac, Windows, OS/2, or UNIX user with any level of Internet access could literally view the world of online information as a vast, seamless, interconnected universe. You entered at any point and began exploring, effortlessly visiting something called I lome Pages and informationrich documents from around the world. Most with-it companies now have Home Pages—places where customers and others can go to learn about their products, services, and the compaIlies themselves. Through the hypertext links called “hotlinks” you simply click on any highlighted word in a document and link to other computers, I lome Pages, and documents anywhere. According to John Landzy, Mosaic ‘energized’ the World Wide Web.”
Mosaic was the first wildly successful graphical browser for the Web. According to Landry, “Andreessen must have watched Field of Dreamy, He believed that if he built it they would come—and come they did.”
To get Mosaic, all you had to do was download it, for free, from the University of Illinois or numerous other “mirror” sites around the world. In 1994, every day nearly 4000 people did. In the first two years since release, Over I million copies were downloaded from Illinois, thousands more from Ilie mirror sites, thousands more from sharing disks, yielding estimates of illore thaxi 3 million users before the end of 1994. In January 1993, when Mosaic was introduced, there were only fifty known Web servers. By october 1993 there were more than 500. By June 1994 there were 1500 gvowing to 5000 by the end of the year. By the end of 1995 there were more than 100,000 Web server-s.
Now the market has shifted to a commercial product based on the Mosaic model called Netscape, which is provided by’ a commercial venture
Ioiinded by Andreessen. The new company is able to offer the kind of Ipport and quality expected of commercial software. And in a widely
rsuhscribed public offering in August 1995, Andreessen became an instant millionaire.